The USS Wisconsin (BB-64), an Iowa-class battleship, stood as a symbol of American naval strength through much of the 20th century, serving in three major conflicts from 1944 to 1991. As the second-to-last battleship ever constructed by the United States, she marked the closing chapter of an era dominated by big-gun warships.
Nicknamed “Wisky” by her crew, the ship saw action in World War II, the Korean War, and later the Gulf War. Throughout her long and storied service, she earned six battle stars and was awarded a Navy Unit Commendation for outstanding performance in combat operations.
Construction of the USS Wisconsin (BB-64)
The USS Wisconsin was designed in 1938 by the Preliminary Design Branch of the Bureau of Construction and Repair. Her construction officially began on January 25, 1941, at the Philadelphia Navy Yard, making her the third Iowa-class “fast” battleship.
She was launched on December 7, 1943, and officially entered service the following year. After completing initial tests in Chesapeake Bay, she left Norfolk, Virginia, for a training cruise in the British West Indies.
From there, she traveled through the Panama Canal on her way to the Pacific.
USS Wisconsin (BB-64) specs
The USS Wisconsin‘s main armament included nine 16-inch/50 cal. Mk 7 guns in three turrets, which could fire 2,700-pound armor-piercing shells up to 20 miles. In addition to this, she was equipped with twenty 5-inch/38 cal. guns in 10 turrets, forty-nine Oerlikon 20 mm cannons and eighty Bofors 40 mm anti-aircraft guns.
During the 1980s, Wisconsin had her anti-aircraft guns replaced with Phalanx CIWS mounts. She also had her five-inch/38 cal. gun total reduced to 12, and received armored box launchers, which fired Tomahawk missiles, and quad cell launchers capable of firing Harpoon missiles.
Wisconsin and the USS Missouri (BB-63) had 14.5-inch-thick bulkheads, compared to their sister ships, the USS Iowa (BB-61) and New Jersey (BB-62), which only had 11.3-inch bulkheads. The rest of Wisconsin’s armor, however, was identical to the other Iowa battleships.
Wisconsin, like her sister ships, also carried floatplanes during the Second World War. Early on in the Cold War, a helicopter pad was positioned at the stern. Toward the end of their service life, each ship in the class could carry up to five unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
Making waves in the Pacific during World War II
After departing the West Coast for Hawaii and the Caroline Islands, the USS Wisconsin joined Adm. William Halsey‘s Third Fleet on December 9, 1944. While she’d missed out on most of the Second World War, the battleship saw combat shortly after joining the conflict.
In preparation for the US invasion of Mindoro, Wisconsin joined the Fast Carrier Task Force (TF-38), charged with softening Japanese defenses ahead of American ground forces. During her first operation, the task force came up against Typhoon Cobra. Three destroyers sank, a number of ships were damaged and hundreds of sailors were either killed, missing or injured. Somehow, Wisconsin got out unscathed, reporting just two injured crewmen.
Wisconsin went on to help in the occupation of Luzon, acting as a carrier escort and protecting the vessels from air attacks. In February 1945, she joined the Fifth Fleet’s Task Force 58 (TF-58), pushing north toward Japan. During this time, the battleship provided support and assisted in the landing of troops on Iwo Jima. She also engaged shore-based targets on Hachinohe, Okinawa and Tokyo.
Wisconsin was caught in another typhoon on June 4, once again riding out the storm completely untouched. On September 5, she sailed into Tokyo Bay, just three days after the formal surrender had been signed aboard her sister ship, the USS Missouri.
Over the course of her short service during the Second World War, Wisconsin sailed 105,831 nautical miles. With the conflict over, she took part in Operation Magic Carpet, after which she was put into the Atlantic Reserve Fleet and made inactive.
‘TEMPER TEMPER’
At the start of the Korean War, the USS Wisconsin was brought back into service. After completing a shakedown and two training cruises with midshipmen, she left Norfolk on October 25, 1951, bound for the Pacific.
After passing through the Panama Canal again, Wisconsin reached Japan on November 21, where she took over from the USS New Jersey as the flagship for Vice Adm. H.M. Martin of the Seventh Fleet. Just five days later, she set sail for Korea to join Task Force 77 (TF-77) and was assigned to carry out shore bombardment missions.
On March 15, 1952, while attacking enemy positions near Songjin, Wisconsin lost her temper. As she moved closer to the shore, North Korean forces hit her with 155 mm shells. While the impact injured three sailors, the ship suffered no major damage. In response, Wisconsin unleashed a powerful broadside, destroying the enemy artillery. Watching from nearby, her escort ship, the USS Buck (DD-761), sent a playful message: “TEMPER TEMPER.”
Although there may be limited documentation of this event, it remains a well-known and memorable story.
The USS Wisconsin (BB-64) returns to the United States
But in a dramatic turn on May 6, 1956, Wisconsin collided with the destroyer USS Eaton (DD-510) while maneuvering through dense fog. The impact heavily damaged her bow, prompting swift action from the Navy. To carry out repairs quickly, the forward section of the unfinished USS Kentucky (BB-66) was repurposed and grafted onto Wisconsin—an unusual but effective fix completed in just a few days.
Although she was seaworthy again by late June, Wisconsin didn’t officially return to duty until March 8, 1958, when she was recommissioned into the U.S. Navy’s Reserve Fleet.
Gulf War
On August 1, 1986, the Wisconsin was reactivated as part of President Ronald Reagan and Navy Secretary John F. Lehman’s attempt to create a “600-ship Navy.” During the late ’80s, she underwent modernization and was recommissioned.
Following the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, US naval forces were deployed as part of Operation Desert Shield. When Operation Desert Storm began, Wisconsin and the USS Missouri launched Tomahawk strikes against Iraq. They were some of the first ships to use cruise missiles during the Gulf War, with Wisconsin serving as the Tomahawk Land Attack Missile (TLAM) strike commander. The conflict also saw the battleship, for the first time since 1952, provide gunfire support.
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Over the course of the war, both Wisconsin and Missouri fired more than one million pounds of ordnance on Iraqi targets. With the end of the conflict, all four Iowa-class battleships were decommissioned.